A Haworthia species concept update [1]
by Ingo Breuer

Introduction

As Bayer published his new species concept in 1999 and Hayashi and Esterhuizen theirs in 2001, it is appropriate that I should now publish mine, first to show the results of my observations and second to enable Haworthia folks to compare and understand the principles of these concepts.

The principles of my concept are briefly described in Breuer (2001) and will be published in more detailed in Volume 3 of "World of Haworthias", where I shall also published the results of my investigations of floral characters, a new infrageneric classification and detailed descriptions of all the accepted taxa.

In the concept published here, 180 taxa are recognized, including 18 new taxa as 'nomen nudum' to be described soon. I recognize 95 taxa with names used by Bayer. Nearly all the other taxa (except the n.n.) are recognized by him too, but with different names and taxonomic status. How many taxa you recognize is more important than their final naming and taxonomic rank. I agree with Steven Hammer (private communication) that in the interests of stable name use it is better to reject all the old doubtful names still in use. This is the reason why I now accept bayeri as a better name for correcta, because correcta is a doubtful name.

Of 18 names used by Hayashi (2001), 3 of them are new taxa (H. bronkhorstii, H. opalina, H. scabra var. johanii), 2 are renamed taxa because of their status changes (H. mutica var. nigra becomes H. chromutica and H. emelyae var. major becomes H. wimii), 3 are as used by Scott (H. aristata, H. leightonii and H. tuberculata) and 6 are as used by Esterhuizen (H. archeri, H. archeri var. dimorpha, H. helmiae, H. integra, H. integra var. standeri and H. intermedia).

I am  not publish any new combination in this concept, but accept all existing ones for the time being. As a result of the new forthcoming infrageneric classification, there will be a new grouping at species level, probably with some new resultant combinations, therefore it would be premature to make new combinations now.

This concept is a further step towards a more advanced classification to be published in due course. It may be a good compromise based on available taxa and published names.

Using this list:

1. The list includes accepted Haworthia names used by Bayer, Esterhuizen, Hayashi, Scott and some of the original described names. It contains no new names.
2. The list includes all basionyms and synonyms of accepted names, also those which were originally described as Aloe or Aprica.
3. The list includes only the name of the first description as the synonym, not all the 'in-between-combinations', which would have enlarged the list a great deal (see Breuer 1998).
4. The number cited after the basionyms and synonyms gives the sources of

   a. the combination for the basionym
   b. the first citation of the name as a synonym under the accepted name

5. The cited literature concerns only the first descriptions of all names which are used in this list and the combinations of the accepted names. Other literature is not cited.
6. Some citations of names as a synonym are new in this list and instead of a number the expression 'synon. nov.' is given.
7. An attachment with names now regarded as doubtful is also given.

Newly described Haworthia names

Since publishing my classification update Dr. Hayashi from Japan described 5 haworthias from the Section Retusae in issue 7 of the Haworthia Journal of Japan 2002.

Dr Hayashi described the Haworthia recorded from Sandkraal (H. multifolia var. sandkraalensis n.n. sensu Breuer) in this issue as H. breueri. which makes me proud to give my name to a Haworthia. He described also the splendens like thing found by Mary Parisi (my H. albertinensis n.n.) as H. esterhuizenii in honour to Essie Esterhuizen; the scabrid form of H. bayeri , David Cumming and I found together with Vincent de Vries (H. bayeri var. scabrifolia n.n. sensu Breuer) he described as H. hayashi, the atrofusca/mutica thing from Charles Craib from N of Riversdale (my H. pseudomutica n.n.) he described as H. enigma, and the H. bayeri form from Uniondale he described as H. correcta var. lucida. I agree with the first 4 to name them as a separate taxon, only the last one I have problems to distinguish them from some forms of H. bayeri from the De Rust area. This needs more observations. Dear Haworthia colletors, don't thing your collection is complete. There will be more collectors item in near future and there is so much unexplored land! Congratulation to Dr. Hayashi for its work."

In issue 2/2002 of Haworthiad Bruce Bayer described 2 new names. The decipiens like plants from Jansenville he described as H. decipiens var. virella (= H. jansenvillensis n.n. sensu Breuer pro parte) and the plant Tony Dold found in the Eastern Cape he descibed as H. cooperi var. doldii (= H. leightonii var. doldii n.n. sensu Breuer).

acuminata (M.B. Bayer) M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. retusa forma acuminata M.B. Bayer (127)

albertinensis n.n.

angustifolia var. altissima M.B. Bayer

angustifolia Haw. var. angustifolia

Synonyms:

Aloe stenophylla Roem. & Schult. (121)

H. albanensis Schönland (102)

H. angustifolia var. grandis G.G. Sm. (108)

H. angustifolia var. paucifolia G.G. Sm. (121)

angustifolia var. baylissii (C.L. Scott) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. baylissii C.L. Scott (123)

arachnoidea (L.) Duval var. arachnoidea

Basionym:

Aloe pumila var. arachnoidea L. (108)

Synonyms:

H. arachnoidea var. minor Haw. (108)

arachnoidea var. aranea (A. Berger) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. bolusii var. aranea A. Berger (123)

arachnoidea var. gigas (M.B. Bayer) M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. gigas Poelln. (127)

Synonyms:

H. arachnoidea var. scabrispina M.B. Bayer (127)

arachnoidea var. setata (Haw.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. setata Haw. (123)

Synonyms:

Aloe setosa Roem. & Schult. (123)

H. arachnoidea var. namaquensis M.B. Bayer synon.nov.

H. setata var. major Haw. (123)

H. setata var. media Haw. (123)

archeri W.F. Barker ex M.B. Bayer var. archeri

archeri var. dimorpha M.B. Bayer

aristata Haw.

Synonyms:

H. setata var. subinermis Poelln. (112)

H. setata var. nigricans Haw. (121)

H. mclarenii Poelln. (121)

H. unicolor Poelln. (112)

H. venteri Poelln. (112)

asema (M.B. Bayer) M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. monticola var. asema M.B. Bayer (127)

attenuata (Haw.) Haw. var. attenuata

Basionym:

Aloe attenuata Haw. (102)

Synonyms:

H. attenuata var. deltoidea R.S. Farden (108)

H. attenuata var. inusitata R.S. Farden (108)

H. attenuata var. linearis R.S. Farden (108)

H. attenuata var. minissima R.S. Farden (108)

H. attenuata var. o'donoghuena R.S. Farden (108)

H. attenuata var. uitewaaliana R.S. Farden (108)

H. britteniana Poelln. (121)

H. clariperla Haw. (121)

H. fasciata var. caespitosa A.Berger (108)

attenuata var. radula (Jacq.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

Aloe radula Jacq. (123)

H. radulavar. pluriperlata Haw. (123)

badia Poelln.

bayeri J.D. Venter & S.A. Hammer var. bayeri

bayeri var. scabrifolia n.n.

beanii G.G. Sm.

Synonyms:

beanii var. minor G.G. Sm. synon.nov.

beukmannii (Poelln.) M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. emelyae var. beukmannii Poelln. (127)

blackbeardiana Poelln. var. blackbeardiana

Synonyms:

H. inermis Haw. synon.nov.

blackbeardiana Poelln. var. major Poelln.

Synonyms:

H. batteniae C.L. Scott synon.nov.

blackburniae W.F. Barker

bolusii Baker

bronkhorstii M. Hayashi

bruynsii M.B. Bayer

caespitosa Poelln.

Synonyms:

H. mirabilis var. consanguinea M.B. Bayer synon.nov.

calcarea (M.B. Bayer) M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. mirabilis var. calcarea M.B. Bayer (127)

chloracantha Haw. var. chloracantha

chloracantha var. denticulifera (Poelln.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. angustifolia var. denticulifera Poelln. (102)

Synonyms:

H. angustifolia var. liliputana Uitewaal (102)

chloracantha var. subglauca Poelln.

chromutica M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. mutica var. nigra M.B. Bayer

coarctata var. adelaidensis (Poelln.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. reinwardtii var. adelaidensis Poelln. (123)

Synonyms:

H. reinwardtii var. bellula G.G. Sm. (123)

H. reinwardtii Haw. var. riebeekensis G.G. Sm. (123)

coarctata Haw. var. coarctata

Synonyms:

H. chalwinii Marloth & A. Berger (102)

H. coarctata var. haworthii forma major Resende (123)

H. coarctata var. krausii Resende (123)

H. fallax Poelln. (102)

H. fulva G.G. Sm. (102)

H. greenii Baker synon.nov.

H. greenii forma minor Resende synon.nov.

H. greenii var. silvicola G.G. Sm. (102)

H. musculina G.G. Sm. (102)

H. peacockii Baker synon.nov.

H. reinwardtii var. committeesensis G.G. Sm. (102)

H. reinwardtii var. conspicua Poelln. (102)

H. reinwardtii var. huntsdriftensis G.G. Sm. (102)

H. reinwardtii var. pseudocoarctata Poelln. (102)

coarctata Haw. var. tenuis (G.G. Sm.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. reinwardtii var. tenuis G.G. Sm. (101)

comptoniana G.G. Sm.

cooperi Baker var. cooperi

Synonyms:

H. vittata Baker (102)

cooperi var. dielsiana (Poelln.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. dielsiana Poelln. (123)

Synonyms:

H. joeyae C.L. Scott (123)

cooperi var. pilifera (Baker) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. pilifera Baker (123)

Synonyms:

H. pilifera var. dielsiana forma acuminata Poelln. (123)

H. stayneri Poelln. (123)

H. stayneri var. salina Poelln. (123)

cooperi var. truncata (Jacobs.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. obtusa var. pilifera forma truncata Jacobs.

cooperi var. venusta (C.L. Scott) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. venusta C.L. Scott (123)

cyanea (M.B. Bayer) M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. decipiens var. cyanea M.B. Bayer (127)

cymbiformis (Haw.) Duval var. cymbiformis

Basionym:

Aloe cymbiformis Haw. (102)

Synonyms:

Aloe cymbaefolia Schrad. (123)

Aloe hebes Schult. & Schult. f. (121)

H. concava Haw. (108)

H. cymbiformis var. angustata Poelln. (108)

H. cymbiformis var. angustata forma subarmata Poelln. (108)

H. cymbiformis var. compacta Triebner (108)

H. lepida G.G. Sm. (102)

H. planifolia Haw. (102)

H. planifolia var. planifolia forma agavoides Triebner & Poelln. (102)

H. planifolia var. planifolia forma alta Triebner & Poelln. (102)

H. planifolia var. planifolia forma olivacea Triebner & Poelln. (102)

H. planifolia var. planifolia forma robusta Triebner & Poelln. (108)

H. planifoliavar. exulata Poelln. (102)

H. planifolia var. incrassata Poelln. (102)

H. planifolia var. longifolia Triebner & Poelln. (108)

H. planifolia var. longifolia forma calochlora Triebner & Poelln. (102)

H. planifoliavar. poellnitziana Resende (121)

H. planifoliavar. sublaevis Poelln. (102)

cymbiformis var. obtusa (Haw.) Baker

Basionym:

H. obtusa Haw. (25)

Synonyms:

H. hilliana Poelln. (121)

H. umbraticola Poelln. (121)

cymbiformis var. ramosa (G.G. Sm.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. ramosa G.G. Sm. (123)

cymbiformis var. setulifera (Poelln.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. planifolia var. setulifera Poelln. (123)

Synonyms:

H. cymbiformis var. obesa Poelln. (123)

decipiens Poelln. var. decipiens

decipiens var. minor M.B. Bayer

Synonyms:

H. gracilis var. viridis M.B. Bayer synon.nov.

dekenahii G.G. Sm.

dentata (M.B. Bayer) M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. floribunda var. dentata M.B. Bayer (127)

denticulata Haw.

devriesii n.n.

elizae n.n.

fasciata (Willd.) Haw.

Basionym:

Apicra fasciata Willd. (102)

Synonyms:

Aloe fasciata var. major Salm-Dyck (108)

Aloe fasciata var. minor Salm-Dyck (121)

H. brownianaPoelln. (123)

H. fasciata var. fasciata forma ovato-lanceolata Poelln. (108)

H. fasciata var. fasciata forma sparsa Poelln. (108)

H. fasciata var. fasciata forma vanstadensis Poelln. (108)

H. fasciata var. fasciata forma variabilis Poelln. (108)

H. fasciata var. subconfluens Poelln. (108)

floribunda Poelln. var. floribunda

floribunda var. major M.B. Bayer

geraldii C.L. Scott

glabrata (Salm-Dyck) Baker

Basionym:

Aloe glabrata Salm-Dyck (102)

glauca Baker

H. armstrongii Poelln. synon.nov.

H. carrissoi Salm-Dyck (102)

H. eilyae Poelln. synon.nov.

H. eilyae var. zantneriana Resende synon.nov.

H. herrei Poelln. synon.nov.

H. herrei var. depauperata Poelln. synon.nov.

H. jacobseniana Poelln. synon.nov.

H. jonesiae Poelln. synon.nov.

globifera (M.B. Bayer) M. Hayashi

Basionym:

pulchella var. globifera M.B. Bayer (127)

globosiflora G.G. Sm.

gordoniana Poelln.

graminifolia G.G. Sm.

Synonyms:

H. blackburniae var. derustensis M.B. Bayer synon.nov.

gracilis Poelln. var. gracilis

gracilis var. picturata M.B. Bayer

granulata Marloth

habdomadis Poelln.

heidelbergensis G.G. Sm. var. heidelbergensis

heidelbergensis var. minor M.B. Bayer

heidelbergensis var. scabra M.B. Bayer

heidelbergensis var. toonensis M.B. Bayer

helmiae Poelln.

herbacea var. flaccida M.B. Bayer

herbacea (Mill.) Stearn var. herbacea

Basionym:

Aloe herbacea Mill. (102)

Synonyms:

Aloe arachnoidea var. pellucens Salm-Dyck (121)

Aloe bradlyana Jacq. (121)

Aloe translucens Haw. (121)

Catevala atroviridis Medik. (121)

H. aegrota Poelln. (102)

H. luteorosea Uitewaal (102)

H. pallida Haw. (102)

H. paynei Poelln. (102)

H. pellucens Haw. (121)

H. submaculata Poelln. (102)

incurvula Poelln.

integra Poelln. var. integra

Synonyms:

H.rycroftiana M.B. Bayer (121)

integra var. standeri J.M. Esterhuizen

intermedia Poelln.

isabellae Poelln.

jansenvillensis n.n.

kingiana Poelln.

koelmaniorum Oberm. & D.S. Hardy var. koelmaniorum

koelmaniorum var. mcmurtryi (C.L. Scott) M.B.Bayer

Basionym:

H. mcmurtryi C.L. Scott (123)

leigthonii var. davidii n.n.

leightonii var. doldii n.n.

leightonii G.G. Sm. var. leightonii

limifolia var. arcana G.F. Smith & N.R. Crouch

limifolia Marloth var. limifolia

Synonyms:

H. limifolia var. gigantea M.B. Bayer

H. limifolia var. limifolia forma diploidea Resende.

H. limifolia var. limifolia forma tetraploidea Resende

H. limifolia var. stolonifera Resende

H. limifolia var. stolonifera forma major Resende

H. limifolia var. stolonifera forma pimentellii Resende

limifolia var. ubomboensis (I. Verd.) G.G. Sm.

Basionym:

H. ubomboensis I. Verd. (42)

Synonyms:

H. limifolia var. keithii G.G. Sm. synon.nov.

lockwoodii Archibald

longiana Poelln.

Synonyms:

longiana var. albinota G.G. Sm. (102)

lupula (M.B. Bayer) M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. herbacea var. lupula M.B. Bayer

maculata (Poelln.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. schuldtiana var. maculata Poelln. (102)

magnifica var. atrofusca (G.G. Sm.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. atrofusca G.G. Sm. (103)

magnifica Poelln. var. magnifica

magnifica var. maraisii (Poelln.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. maraisii Poelln.

magnifica var. pseudomutica n.n.

marginata (Lam.) Stearn

Basionym:

Aloe marginata Lam. (102)

Synonyms:

Aloe albicans Haw. (102)

H. laevis Haw. (102)

H. ramifera Haw. (102)

H. virescens Haw. (102)

H. virescens var. minor Haw. (121)

marumiana var. batesiana (Uitewaal) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. batesiana Uitewaal (123)

marumiana Uitewaal var. marumiana

marumiana var. viridis M.B. Bayer

maughanii Poelln.

maxima (Haw.) Duval

Basionym:

Aloe margaritifera var. maxima Haw. (126)

Synonyms:

Aloe papillosa Salm-Dyck synon.nov.

Aloe semimargaritifera Salm-Dyck (126)

Aloe semimargaritifera var. maxima Salm-Dyck (126)

H. papillosa var. semipapillosa Haw. synon.nov.

H. semiglabrata Haw. synon.nov.

meiringii (M.B. Bayer) M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. maraisii var. meiringii M.B. Bayer

minima (Aiton) Haw.

Basionym:

Aloe margaritifera var. minima Aiton (102)

Synonyms:

Aloe erecta var. laetevirens Salm-Dyck (102)

Aloe granata var. major Salm-Dyck (121)

Aloe granata var. minor Salm-Dyck (121)

Aloe margaritifera var. minor Aiton (123)

Aloe pumila var. ??b?? L. (123)

Aloe pumila var. ??g?? L. (121)

Apicra granata Willd. (102)

H. brevis Haw. (102)

H. erecta Haw. (123)

H. granata var. polyphylla Haw. (102)

H. margaritifera var. corallina Baker (108)

H. mutabilis Poelln. (102)

H. poellnitziana Uitewaal (123)

mirabilis (Haw.) Haw.

Basionym:

Aloe mirabilis Haw. (102)

Synonyms:

H. mundula G.G. Sm. (123)

H. modesta (M.B. Bayer) M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. variegata var. modesta M.B. Bayer(127)

Synonyms:

H. variegata var. petrophila M.B. Bayer synon.nov.

monticola Fourcade

Synonyms:

H. divergens M.B. Bayer (123)

mucronata var. calitzdorpensis n.n.

mucronata Haw. var. morrisiae (Poelln.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. altilinea var. morrisiae Poelln. (123)

mucronata Haw. var. mucronata

Synonyms:

H. altilinea var. limpida forma inconfluens Poelln. synon.nov.

H. limpida Haw. (121)

multifolia (M.B. Bayer) M. Hayashi var. multifolia

Basionym:

H. emelyae var. multifolia M.B. Bayer (127)

multifolia var. sandkraalensis n.n.

mutica Haw.

Synonyms:

H. otzenii G.G. Sm. (102)

nigra var. diversifolia (Poelln.) Uitewaal

Basionym:

H. diversifolia Poelln. (123)

Synonyms:

H. schmidtiana var. diversifolia forma nana Poelln. (123)

nigra (Haw.) Baker var. nigra

Basionym:

Apicra nigra Haw. (102)

Synonyms:

H. ryneveldii Poelln. (102)

H. schmidtiana Poelln. (102)

H. schmidtiana Poelln. var. angustata Poelln. (102)

H. schmidtiana Poelln. var. elongata Poelln. (102)

H. schmidtiana Poelln. var. pusilla Poelln. (102)

H. schmidtiana Poelln. var. suberectata Poelln. (102)

notabilis Poelln.

Synonyms:

H. schuldtiana var. erecta Triebner & Poelln. (102)

nortieri G.G. Sm.

Synonyms:

H. nortieri var. giftbergensis G.G. Sm. (108)

H. nortieri var. montana G.G. Sm. (108)

odettae n.n.

opalina M. Hayashi

outeniquensis M.B. Bayer

paradoxa Poelln.

parksiana Poelln.

pehlemanniae C.L. Scott

picta var. janvlokii n.n.

picta Poelln. var. picta

picta var. tricolor n.n.

pringlei C.L. Scott

pubescens var. livida M.B. Bayer

pubescens M.B. Bayer var. pubescens

pulchella M.B. Bayer

pungens M.B. Bayer

pygmaea var. argenteo-maculosa (G.G. Sm.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. dekenahii var. argenteo-maculosa G.G. Sm. (117)

pygmaea Poelln. var. pygmaea

reddii C.L. Scott

reinwardtii var. brevicula G.G. Sm.

Synonyms:

H. reinwardtii var. diminuta G.G. Sm. (102)

reinwardtii (Salm-Dyck) Haw. var. reinwardtii

Basionym:

Aloe reinwardtii Salm-Dyck (102)

Synonyms:

H. reinwardtii var. archibaldiae Poelln. (108)

H. reinwardtii var. chalumnensis G.G. Sm. synon.nov.

H. reinwardtii var. grandicula G.G. Sm. (108)

H. reinwardtii var. kaffirdriftensis G.G. Sm. synon.nov.

H. reinwardtii var. major Baker (108)

H. reinwardtii var. peddiensis G.G. Sm. (108)

H. reinwardtii var. pulchra Poelln. (108)

H. reinwardtii var. triebnerii Resende (108)

H. reinwardtii var. valida G.G. Sm. (108)

reinwardtii var. zebrina G.G. Sm.

Synonyms:

H. reinwardtii var. olivacea G.G. Sm.

reticulata var. hurlingii (Poelln.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. hurlingii Poelln. (108)

reticulata (Haw.) Haw. var. reticulata

Basionym:

Aloe reticulata Haw. (108)

Synonyms:

Aloe pumilio Jacq. (121)

H. guttata Uitewaal (108)

H. hurlingii var. ambigua Poelln. (102)

H. reticulata var. acuminata Poelln. (108)

H. reticulata var. attenuata M.B. Bayer synon.nov.

reticulata var. subregularis (Baker) Pilbeam

Basionym:

H. subregularis Baker. (123)

Synonyms:

H. haageana Poelln. (123)

H. haageana var. subreticulata Poelln. (123)

retusa (L.) Duval

Basionym:

Aloe retusa L. (102)

Synonyms:

H. fouchei Poelln. (102)

H. retusa var. densiflora G.G. Sm. (108)

H. retusa var. multilineata G.G. Sm. (108)

H. retusa var. solitaria G.G. Sm. (108)

rooibergensi (J.M. Esterhuizen & L. Battista) M.Hayashi

Basionym:

H. mucronata var. rooibergensis J.M. Esterhuizen & L. Battista

scabra var. johanii M. Hayashi

scabra Haw. var. scabra

Synonyms:

H. morrisiae Poelln. synon.nov.

schuldtianaPoelln.

Synonyms:

H. schuldtiana var. minor Triebner & Poelln. synon.nov.

H. schuldtiana var. robertsonensisPoelln. synon.nov.

H. schuldtiana var. simplicior Poelln. synon.nov.

H. schuldtiana var. sublaevis Poelln. synon.nov.

H. schuldtiana var. subtuberculata Poelln. synon.nov.

H. schuldtiana var. unilineataPoelln. synon.nov.

H. sublimpidula Poelln. synon.nov.

H. triebneriana var. diversicolor Triebner & Poelln. synon.nov.

H. whitesloaneana Poelln. synon.nov.

scottii n.n.

semiviva (Poelln.) M.B. Bayer

Basionym:

H. bolusi var. semiviva Poelln. (102)

serrata M.B. Bayer

sordida var. lavranii C.L. Scott

sordida Haw. var. sordida

Synonyms:

H. agavoides Zantner & Poelln. (102)

splendens (J.D. Venter & S.A. Hammer) M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. magnifica var. splendens J.D. Venter & S.A. Hammer

springbokvlakensis C.L. Scott

starkiana Poelln.

Synonyms:

H. smitii Poelln. synon.nov.

tenera Poelln.

tessellata Haw.

Synonyms:

H. engleri Dinter synon.nov.

H. minutissima Poelln. synon.nov.

H. parva Haw. synon.nov.

H. pseudotessellata Poelln. synon.nov.

H. tessellata var. coriacea Resende & Poelln. synon.nov.

H. tessellata var. coriacea forma brevior Resende & Poelln. synon.nov.

H. tessellata var. coriacea forma longior Resende & Poelln. synon.nov.

H. tessellata var. elongata Woerden synon.nov.

H. tessellata var. inflexa Baker synon.nov.

H. tessellata var. luisieri Resende & Poelln. synon.nov.

H. tessellata var. obesa Resende & Poelln. synon.nov.

H. tessellata Haw. var. palhinhae Resende & Poelln. synon.nov.

H. tessellata var. parva forma major J.R. Br. synon.nov.

H. tessellata var. simplex Resende & Poelln. synon.nov.

H. tessellata var. stephaniana Resende & Poelln. synon.nov.

H. tessellata var. tuberculata Poelln. synon.nov.

H. tessellata var. velutina Resende & Poelln. synon.nov.

tradouwensis n.n.

transiens (Poelln.) M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. planifolia Haw. var. transiens Poelln. (127)

Synonyms:

H. cymbiformis var. brevifolia Poelln. synon.nov.

H. cymbiformis var. multifolia Triebner synon.nov.

H. cymbiformis var. translucens Triebner & Poelln. synon.nov.

tretyrensis n.n.

triebneriana Poelln. var. sublineata Poelln.

triebneriana Poelln. var. triebneriana

Synonyms:

H. nitidula Poelln. synon.nov.

H. triebneriana var. depauperata Poelln. synon.nov.

H. triebneriana var. multituberculata Poelln. synon.nov.

H. triebneriana var. napierensis Triebner & Poelln. synon.nov.

H. triebneriana var. pulchra Poell. synon.nov.

H. triebneriana var. rubrodentata Triebner & Poelln. synon.nov.

H. triebneriana var. subtuberculata Triebner & Poelln. synon.nov.

H. triebneriana var. turgida Triebner synon.nov.

H. willowmorensis Poelln. synon.nov.

truncata forma crassa Poelln.

truncata Schönland forma truncata

Synonyms:

H. truncata forma tenuis Poelln. (108)

truncata var. minor n.n.

tuberculata Poelln.

Synonyms:

H. tuberculata var. acuminata Poelln. synon.nov.

H. tuberculata var. angustata Poelln. synon.nov.

H. tuberculata var. subexpansa Poelln. synon.nov.

H. tuberculata var. sublaevis Poelln. synon.nov.

turgida var. longibracteata (G.G. Sm.) M.B. Bayer

Synonyms:

H. longibracteata G.G. Sm. (123)

turgida var. suberecta Poelln.

Synonyms:

H. turgida var. pallidifolia G.G. Sm. (123)

H. turgida var. subtuberculata Poelln. (123)

turgida Haw. var. turgida

Synonyms:

H. laetevirens Haw. (102)

variegata L. Bolus

Synonyms:

variegata var. hemicrypta M.B. Bayer synon.nov.

venosa (Lam.) Haw.

Basionym:

Aloe venosa Lam. (102)

Synonyms:

Aloe recurva Haw. (108)

Aloe tricolor Haw. (123)

H. distincta N.E. Brown (108)

H. venosa var. oertendahlii H. Hjelmquist (108)

viscosa var. variabilis n.n.

viscosa (L.) Haw. var. viscosa

Basionym:

Aloe viscosa L. (102)

Synonyms:

Aloe pseudotortuosa Salm-Dyck (102)

Aloe subtortuosa Roem. & Schult. (121)

Aloe tortuosa Haw. (102)

Aloe triangularis Medik. (121)

H. asperiuscula Haw. (102)

H. asperiuscula var. patagiata G.G. Sm. (102)

H. asperiuscula var. subintegra G.G. Sm. (102)

H. concinna Haw. (102)

H. cordifolia Haw. (102)

H. indurata Haw. (102)

H. torquata Haw. (102)

H. viscosa ssp. derki-clarki J.J. Halda (123)

H. viscosavar. caespitosa Poelln. (102)

H. viscosa var. cougaensis G.G. Sm. (102)

H. viscosa var. major Haw. (102)

H. viscosa var. minor Haw. (102)

H. viscosa var. parvifolia Haw. (102)

H. viscosa var. quaggaensis G.G. Sm. (108)

H. viscosa var. subobtusa Poelln. (102)

H. viscosa var. viridissima G.G. Sm. (102)

vlokii M.B. Bayer

wimii M. Hayashi

Basionym:

H. schuldtiana var. major G.G. Sm. (127)

wittebergensis W.F. Barker

H. woolleyi Poelln.

xiphiophylla Baker

Synonyms:

H. longiaristata Poelln. (123)

zantneriana Poelln.

Synonyms:

H. zantneriana var. minor M.B. Bayer synon.nov.

aegrota Poelln.

= H. herbacea var. herbacea

agavoides Zantner & Poelln.

= H. sordida var. sordida

albanensis Schönland

= H. angustifolia var. angustifolia

altilinea var. limpida forma inconfluens Poelln.

= H. mucronata var. mucronata

altilinea var. morrisiae Poelln.

=H. mucronata var. morrisiae

angustifolia var. denticulifera Poelln.

= H. chloracantha var. denticulifera

angustifolia var. paucifolia G.G. Sm.

= H. angustifolia var. angustifolia

angustifolia var. grandis G.G. Sm.

= H. angustifolia var. angustifolia

angustifolia var. liliputana Uitewaal

= H. chloracantha var. denticulifera

arachnoidea var. minor Haw.

= H. arachnoidea var. arachnoidea

arachnoidea var. namaquensis M.B. Bayer

= H. arachnoidea var. setata

arachnoidea var. scabrispina M.B. Bayer

= H. arachnoidea var. gigas

armstrongii Poelln.

= H. glauca

asperiuscula Haw.

= H. viscosa

asperiuscula var. patagiata G.G. Sm.

= H. viscosa

asperiuscula var. subintegra G.G. Sm.

= H. viscosa

atrofusca G.G. Sm.

= H. magnifica var. atrofusca

attenuata var. deltoidea R.S. Farden

= H. attenuata var. attenuata

attenuata var. inusitata R.S. Farden

= H. attenuata var. attenuata

attenuata var. linearis R.S. Farden

= H. attenuata var. attenuata

attenuata var. minissima R.S. Farden

= H. attenuata var. attenuata

attenuata var. o'donoghuena R.S. Farden

= H. attenuata var. attenuata

attenuata var. uitewaaliana R.S. Farden

= H. attenuata var. attenuata

batesiana Uitewaal

= H. marumiana var. batesiana

batteniae C.L. Scott

= H. bolusii var. blackbeardiana

baylissii C.L. Scott

= H. angustifolia var. baylissii

beanii var.minor G.G. Sm.

= H. beanii

blackburniae var. derustensis M.B. Bayer

= H. graminifolia

bolusii var. aranea A. Berger

= H. arachnoidea var. aranea

bolusii var. semiviva Poelln.

= H. semiviva

brevis Haw.

= H. minima

britteniana Poelln.

= H. attenuata var. attenuata

browniana Poelln.

= H. fasciata

carrisoi Resende

= H. glauca

chalwinii Marloth & Berger

= H. coarctata var. coarctata

clariperla Haw.

= H. attenuata var. attenuata

coarctata var. haworthii forma major Resende

= H. coarctata var. coarctata

coarctata var. krausii Resende

= H. coarctata var. coarctata

concava Haw.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

concinna Haw.

= H. viscosa

cordifolia Haw.

= H. viscosa

cymbiformis var. angustata Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

cymbiformis var. angustata forma subarmata Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

cymbiformis var. brevifolia Poelln.

= H. transiens

cymbiformis var. compacta Triebner

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

cymbiformis var. multifolia Triebner

= H. transiens

cymbiformis Duval var. obesa Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. setulifera

cymbiformis var. translucens Triebner & Poelln.

= H. transiens

decipiens var. cyanea M.B. Bayer

= H. cyanea

dekenahii var. argenteo-maculosa G.G. Sm.

= H. pygmaea var. argenteo-maculosa

dielsiana Poelln.

= H. cooperi var. dielsiana

distincta N.E. Br.

= H. venosa

divergens M.B. Bayer

= H. monticola

diversifolia Poelln.

= H. nigra var. diversifolia

eilyae Poelln.

= H. glauca

eilyae var. zantneriana Resende

= H. glauca

emelyae var. beukmannii Poelln.

= H. beukmannii

emelyae var. multifolia M.B. Bayer

= H. multifolia

engleri Dinter

= H. tessellata

erecta Haw.

= H. minima

fallax Poelln.

= H. coarctata var. coarctata

fasciata var. caespitosa A. Berger

= H. attenuata var. attenuata

fasciata var. fasciata forma ovato-lanceolata Poelln.

= H. fasciata

fasciata var. fasciata forma sparsa Poelln.

= H. fasciata

fasciata var. fasciata forma vanstadensis Poelln.

= H. fasciata

fasciata var. fasciata forma variabilis Poelln.

= H. fasciata

fasciata var. subconfluens Poelln.

= H. fasciata

floribunda var. dentata M.B. Bayer

= H. dentata

fouchei Poelln.

= H. retusa

fulva G.G. Sm.

= H. coarctata var. coarctata

gigas Poell.

= H. arachnoidea var. setata

gracilis var. viridis M.B. Bayer

= H. decipiens var. minor

granata var. polyphylla Haw.

= H. minima

greenii Baker

= H. coarctata var. coarctata

greenii forma minor Resende

= H. coarctata var. coarctata

greenii var. silvicola G.G. Sm.

= H. coarctata var. coarctata

guttata Uitewaal

= H. reticulata var. reticulata

haageana Poelln.

= H. reticulata var. subregularis

haageana var. subreticulata Poelln.

= H. reticulata var. subregularis

herbacea var. lupula M.B. Bayer

= H. lupula

herrei Poelln.

= H. glauca

herrei var. depauperata Poelln.

= H. glauca

hilliana Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. obtusa

hurlingii Poelln.

= H. reticulata var. hurlingii

hurlingii var. ambigua Triebner & Poelln.

= H. reticulata var. reticulata

indurata Haw.

= H. viscosa

inermis Poelln.

= H. bolusii var. blackbeardiana

jacobseniana Poelln.

= H. glauca

joeyae C.L. Scott

= H. cooperi var. dielsiana

jonesiae Poelln.

= H. glauca

laetevirens Haw.

= H. turgida var. turgida

laevis Haw.

= H. marginata

lateganiae Poelln.

= H. starkiana

lepida G.G. Sm.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

limifolia var. gigantea M.B. Bayer

= H. limifolia

limifolia var. limifolia forma diploidea Resende

= H. limifolia var. limifolia

limifolia var. limifolia forma tetraploidea Resende

= H. limifolia var. limifolia

limifolia var. keithii G.G. Sm.

= H. limifolia var. ubomboensis

limifolia var. stolonifera Resende

= H. limifolia var. limifolia

limifolia var. stolonifera forma major Resende

= H. limifolia var. limifolia

limifolia var. stolonifera forma pimentellii Resende

= H. limifolia var. limifolia

limpida Haw.

= H. mucronata var. mucronata

longiana var. albinota G.G. Sm.

= H. longiana

longiaristata Poelln.

= H. xiphiophylla

longibracteata G.G. Sm.

= H. turgida var. longibracteata

luteorosea Uitewaal

= H. herbacea var. herbacea

magnifica var. splendens J.D. Venter & S.A. Hammer

= H. splendens

maraisii Poelln.

= H. magnifica var. maraisii

maraisii var. meiringii M.B. Bayer

= H. meiringii

margaritifera var. corallina Baker

= H. minima

mclarenii Poelln.

= H. aristata

mcmurtryi C.L. Scott

= H. koelmaniorum var. mcmurtryi

minutissima Poelln.

= H. tessellata

mirabilis var. calcarea M.B. Bayer

= H. calcarea

mirabilis var. consanguinea M.B. Bayer

= H. caespitosa

monticola var. asema M.B. Bayer

= H. asema

morrisiae Poelln.

= H. scabra

mucronata var. rooibergensis J.M. Esterhuizen & L. Battista

= H. rooibergensis

mundula G.G. Sm.

= H. mirabilis

musculina G.G. Sm.

= H. coarctata var. coarctata

mutabilis Poelln.

= H. minima

mutica Haw. var. nigra M.B. Bayer

= H. chromutica

nitidula Poelln.

= H. triebneriana var. triebneriana

nortieri var. giftbergensis G.G. Sm.

= H. nortieri

nortieri var. montana G.G. Sm.

= H. nortieri

obtusa Haw.

= H. cymbiformis var. obtusa

obtusa var. pilifera forma truncata Jacobs.

= H. cooperi var. truncata

otzenii G.G. Sm.

= H. mutica

pallida Haw.

= H. herbacea var. herbacea

papillosa var. semipapillosa Haw.

= H. maxima

parva Haw.

= H. tessellata

paynei Poelln.

= H. herbacea

peacockii Baker

= H. coarctata var. coarctata forma greenii

pellucens Haw.

= H. herbacea var. herbacea

pilifera Baker

= H. cooperi var. pilifera

pilifera var. dielsiana forma acuminata Poelln.

= H. cooperi var. pilifera

planifolia Haw.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

planifolia var. planifolia forma agavoides Triebner & Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

planifolia var. planifolia forma alta Triebner & Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

planifolia var. planifolia forma olivacea Triebner & Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

planifolia var. planifolia forma robusta Triebner & Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

planifolia var. exulata Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

planifolia var. incrassata Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

planifolia var. longifolia Triebner & Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

planifolia var. longifolia forma calochlora Triebner & Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

planifolia var. poellnitziana Resende

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

planifolia var. setulifera Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. setulifera

planifolia var. sublaevis Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. cymbiformis

planifolia var. transiens Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. transiens

poellnitziana Uitewaal

= H. minima

pseudotessellata Poelln.

= H. tessellata

pulchella var. globifera M.B. Bayer

= H. globifera

radula var. pluriperlata Haw.

= H. attenuata var. radula

ramifera Haw.

= H. marginata

ramosa G.G. Sm.

= H. cymbiformis var. ramosa

reinwardtii var. adelaidensis Poelln.

= H. coarctata var. adelaidensis

reinwardtii var. archibaldiae Poelln.

= H. reinwardtii var. reinwardtii

reinwardtii var. bellula G.G. Sm.

= H. coarctata var. adelaidensis

reinwardtii var. chalumnensis G.G. Sm.

= H. reinwardtii var. reinwardtii

reinwardtii var. committeesensis G.G. Sm.

= H. coarctata var. coarctata

reinwardtii var. conspicua Poelln.

= H. coarctata var. coarctata

reinwardtii var. diminuta G.G. Sm.

= H. reinwardtii var. brevicula

reinwardtii var. grandicula G.G. Sm.

= H. reinwardtii var. reinwardtii

reinwardtii var. huntsdriftensis G.G. Sm.

= H. coarctata var. coarctata

reinwardtii var. kaffirdriftensis G.G. Sm.

= H. reinwardtii var. reinwardtii

reinwardtii var. major Baker

= H. reinwardtii var. reinwardtii

reinwardtii var. olivacea G.G. Sm.

= H. reinwardtii var. zebrina

reinwardtii var. peddiensis G.G. Sm.

= H. reinwardtii var. reinwardtii

reinwardtii var. pseudocoarctata Poelln.

= H. coarctata var. coarctata

reinwardtii var. pulchra Poelln.

= H. reinwardtii var. reinwardtii

reinwardtii var. riebeekensis G.G. Sm.

= H. coarctata var. adelaidensis

reinwardtii var. tenuis G.G. Sm.

= H. coarctata var. tenuis

reinwardtii var. triebnerii Resende

= H. reinwardtii var. reinwardtii

reinwardtii var. valida G.G. Sm.

= H. reinwardtii var. reinwardtii

reticulata var. acuminata Poelln.

= H. reticulata var. reticulata

reticulata var. attenuata M.B. Bayer

= H. reticulata var. reticulata

retusa forma acuminata M.B. Bayer

= H. acuminata

retusa var. densiflora G.G. Sm.

= H. retusa

retusa var. multilineata G.G. Sm.

= H. retusa

retusa var. solitaria G.G. Sm.

= H. retusa

rycroftiana M.B. Bayer

= H. integra

ryneveldii Poelln.

= H. nigra var. nigra

schmidtiana Poelln.

= H. nigra var. nigra

schmidtiana var. angustata Poelln.

= H. nigra var. nigra

schmidtiana var. diversifolia forma nana Poelln.

= H. nigra var. diversifolia

schmidtiana var. elongata Poelln.

= H. nigra var. nigra

schmidtiana var. pusilla Poelln.

= H. nigra var. nigra

schmidtiana var. suberecta Poelln.

= H. nigra var. nigra

schuldtiana var. erecta Triebner & Poelln.

= H. notabilis

schuldtiana var. maculata Poelln.

= H. maculata

schuldtiana var. major G.G. Sm.

= H. wimii

schuldtiana var. minor Triebner & Poelln.

= H. schuldtiana

schuldtiana var. robertsonensis Poelln.

= H. schuldtiana

schuldtiana var. simplicior Poelln.

= H. schuldtiana

schuldtiana var. sublaevis Poelln.

= H. schuldtiana

schuldtiana var. subtuberculata Poelln.

= H. schuldtiana

schuldtiana var. unilineata Poelln.

= H. schuldtiana

semiglabrata Haw.

= H. maxima

setata Haw.

= H. arachnoidea var. setata

setata var. major Haw.

= H. arachnoidea var. setata

setata var. media Haw.

= H. arachnoidea var. setata

setata var. nigricans Haw.

= H. arachnoidea var. nigricans

setata var. subinermis Poelln.

= H. aristata

smitii Poelln.

= H. starkiana

stayneri Poelln.

= H. cooperi var. pilifera

stayneri var. salina Poelln.

= H. cooperi var. pilifera

sublimpidula Poelln.

= H. schuldtiana

submaculata Poelln.

= H. herbacea

subregularis Baker

= H. reticulata var. subregularis

tessellata var. coriacea Resende & Poelln.

= H. tessellata

tessellata var. coriacea forma brevior Resende & Poelln.

= H. tessellata

tessellata var. coriacea forma longior Resende & Poelln.

= H. tessellata

tessellata var. elongata Woerden

= H. tessellata

tessellata var. inflexa Baker

= H. tessellata

tessellata var. luisieri Resende & Poelln.

= H. tessellata

tessellata var. obesa Resende & Poelln.

= H. tessellata

tessellata var. palhinhae Resende & Poelln.

= H. tessellata

tessellata var. parva forma major J.R. Br.

= H. tessellata

tessellata var. simplex Resende & Poelln.

= H. tessellata

tessellata var. stephaniana Resende & Poelln.

= H. tessellata

tessellata var. tuberculata Poelln.

= H. tessellata

tessellata var. velutina Resende & Poelln.

= H. tessellata

torquata Haw.

= H. viscosa

triebneriana var. depauperata Poelln.

= H. triebneriana

triebneriana var. diversicolor Poelln.

= H. schuldtiana

triebneriana var. multituberculata Poelln.

= H. triebneriana

triebneriana var. napierensis Triebner & Poelln.

= H. triebneriana

triebneriana var. pulchra Poelln.

= H. triebneriana

triebneriana var. rubrodentata Triebner & Poelln.

= H. triebneriana

triebneriana var. subtuberculata Poelln.

= H. triebneriana

triebneriana var. turgida Triebner

= H. triebneriana

truncata forma tenuis Poelln.

= H. truncata

tuberculata var. acumianta Poelln.

= H. tuberculata

tuberculata var. angustata Poelln.

= H. tuberculata

tuberculata var. subexpansa Poelln.

= H. tuberculata

tuberculata var. sublaevis Poelln.

= H. tuberculata

turgida var. pallidifolia G.G. Sm.

= H. turgida var. suberecta

turgida var. subtuberculata Poelln.

= H. turgida var. suberecta

ubomboensis I. Verd.

= H. limifolia var. ubomboensis

umbraticola Poelln.

= H. cymbiformis var. obtusa

unicolor Poelln.

= H. aristata

variegata L. Bolus var. hemicrypta M.B. Bayer

= H. variegata

variegata var. modesta M.B. Bayer

= H. modesta

variegata var. petrophila M.B. Bayer

= H. petrophila

venosa var. oertendahlii H. Hjelmquist

= H. venosa

venteri Poelln.

= H. aristata

venusta C.L. Scott

= H. cooperi var. venusta

virescens Haw.

= H. marginata

virescens var. minor Haw.

= H. marginata

viscosa ssp. derki-clarki J.J. Halda

= H. viscosa

viscosa var. caespitosa Poelln.

= H. viscosa

viscosa var. cougaensis G.G. Sm.

= H. viscosa

viscosa var. major Haw.

= H. viscosa

viscosa var. minor Haw.

= H. viscosa

viscosa var. parvifolia Haw.

= H. viscosa

viscosa var. quaggaensis G.G. Sm.

= H. viscosa

viscosa var. subobtusa Poelln.

= H. viscosa

viscosa var. viridissima G.G. Sm.

= H. viscosa

vittata Baker

= H. cooperi var. cooperi

whitesloaneana Poelln.

= H. schuldtiana

willowmorensis Poelln.

= H. triebneriana

zantneriana var. minor M.B. Bayer

= H. zantneriana

H. bijliana var. joubertii Poelln.

H. caespitosa forma subplana Poelln.

H. caespitosa forma subproliferans Poelln.

H. correcta Poelln.

H. emelyae Poelln.

H. rossouwii Poelln.

(1) Linné. 1753. Spec. Pl. 1.

(2) Miller. 1768. Garden. Dic. 8.

(3) Lamarck. 1783. Encycl. Methodique Bot.

(4) Medikus. 1786. Theodora Spec.

(5) Aiton. 1789. Hort. Kew. 1.

(6) Haworth. 1804. Trans. Lin. Soc. 7.

(7) Jacquin. 1804. Plant. Rariorum Hort. Caesarei Schoenbr. 4.

(8) Schrader. 1807, Neues J. Bot. 2.

(9) Duval. 1809. Pl. Succ. Hort. Alencon.

(10) Wildenow. 1811. Ges. Nat. Freunde Berlin Mag. 5.

(11) Haworth. 1812. Syn. Pl. Succ.

(12) Salm-Dyck. 1817. Catalogue raisoné de Espèces d'Aloes.

(13) Haworth. 1819. Suppl. Pl. Succ

(14) Haworth. 1821. Rev. Pl. Succ.

(15) Salm-Dyck. 1821. Observ. Bot. in Hort. Dyck.

(16) Haworth. 1824. Phil. Mag. 64.

(17) Haworth. 1825. Phil. Mag. 66.

(18) Haworth. 1827. Phil. Mag.II 1.

(19) Haworth. 1828. Phil. Mag.II 3.

(20) Roemer. 1829. in Schultes: Syst. Veg. 7.

(21) Salm-Dyck. 1834. Hort. Dyck.

(22) Baker. 1871. Refug. Bot. 4.

(23) Brown. 1876. Gardener's Chronicle 6.

(24) Baker. 1878. Trans. Linn. Soc. London. Bot. 1.

(25) Baker. 1880. J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 18.

(26) Engler. 1889. Bot. Jb. 10.

(27) Baker. 1891. Hooker's Icon. Pl. 20.

(28) Baker. 1896. FC 6.

(29) Baker. 1904. Bull. Herb. Boissier 4.

(30) Marloth & Berger. 1906. Notizblatt köngl. bot. Garten Berlin 4.

(31) Berger. 1908. in Engler: Das Pflanzenreich IV.38 (Heft38)

(32) Marloth. 1910. Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 1.

(33) Schönland. 1910. Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 1.

(34) Marloth. 1910. Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 2.

(35) Schönland. 1912. Rec. Albany Mus. 2.

(36) Dinter. 1914. Neue und wenig bekannte Pflanzen Deutsch-Südwest-Afrikas.

(37) Bolus. 1929. J. Bot. 67.

(38) Poellnitz. 1929. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26.

(39) Poellnitz. 1929. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 27.

(40) Poellnitz. 1930. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 28.

(41) Poellnitz. 1931. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 29.

(42) Fourcade. 1932. Trans. Roy. Soc. South Afr. 21.

(43) Poellnitz. 1933. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 31.

(44) Poellnitz. 1933. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 33.

(45) Poellnitz. 1935. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38

(46) Poellnitz. 1936. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 40.

(47) Barker. 1937. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 3.

(48) Poellnitz. 1937. Desert Pl. Life 9.

(49) Poellnitz. 1937. Kakt. and. Sukk. (Berlin) 1.

(50) Poellnitz. 1937. Kakteenkunde 1937.

(51) Poellnitz. 1937. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 41.

(52) Poellnitz. 1937. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42.

(53) Poellnitz. 1938. Cact. J. (Croydon) 7.

(54) Poellnitz. 1938. Cact. J. (Croydon) 8.

(55) Poellnitz. 1938. Desert Pl. Life 10.

(56) Poellnitz. 1938. Kakteenkunde 7.

(57) Poellnitz. 1938. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 43.

(58) Poellnitz. 1938. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 44.

(59) Poellnitz. 1938. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 45.

(60) Stearn. 1938. Cact. J. (Croydon) 7.

(61) Farden. 1939. Cact. J. (Croydon) 8.

(62) Poellnitz. 1939. Desert Pl. Life 11.

(63) Poellnitz. 1939. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 46.

(64) Triebner & Poellnitz. 1939. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 47.

(65) Uitewaal. 1939. Cact. Vetpl. (Amsterdam) 5.

(66) Archibald. 1940. FPSA 20: t.792.

(67) Poellnitz. 1940. Beitr. Sukk.-kunde & Pflege 2.

(68) Poellnitz. 1940. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 48.

(69) Poellnitz. 1940. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 49.

(70) Poellnitz. 1940. Succulenta 22.

(71) Uitewaal. 1940. Cact. Vetpl. (Amsterdam) 6.

(72) Worden. 1940. Succulenta 22.

(73) Resende. 1941. Bol. Soc. Brot. 15.

(74) Verdoorn. 1941. FPSA 21: t.818.

(75) Barker. 1942. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 8.

(76) Resende & Poellnitz. 1942. Rev. Brot. 11.

(77) Smith. 1942. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 8.

(78) Smith. 1943. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 9.

(79) Hjelmquist. 1943. Bot.Not.

(80) Resende. 1943. Mem. Soc. Brot. 2.

(81) Smith. 1944. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 10.

(82) Smith. 1945. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 11.

(83) Smith. 1946. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 12.

(84) Brown. 1947. Cactus Succ. J. Los Ang. 19.

(85) Uitewaal. 1947. Desert Pl. Life 19.

(86) Uitewaal. 1947. Succulenta 26.

(87) Smith. 1948. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 14.

(88) Uitewaal. 1948. Natn. Cactus Succul. J. 3.

(89) Smith. 1950. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 16.

(90) Uitewaal. 1953. Succulenta 32.

(91) Jacobsen. 1955. Nation. Cact. Succ. J. 10.

(92) Bayer. 1962. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 28.

(93) Scott. 1965. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 31.

(94) Fearn. 1966. Nation. Cact. Succ. J. 21.

(95) Obermeyer & Hardy. 1967. FPA 38: t.1502.

(96) Scott. 1968. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 34.

(97) Scott. 1970. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 36.

(98) Parr. 1971. Bull. Afr. Succ. Pl. Soc.6.

(99) Bayer. 1972. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 38.

(100) Bayer. 1973. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 39.

(101) Bayer. 1973. Natn. Cactus Succul. J. 28.

(102) Bayer. 1976. Haworthia Handb.

(103) Bayer. 1977. Natn. Cactus Succul. J. 32.

(104) Bayer. 1979. Natn. Cactus Succul. J. 34.

(105) Scott. 1979. Cactus Succ. J. Los Ang. 51.

(106) Bayer. 1981. Jl S. Afr. Bot. 47.

(107) Scott. 1981. Cactus Succ. J. Los Ang. 53.

(108) Bayer. 1982. New Haworthia Handb.

(109) Scott. 1982. Cactus Succ. J. Los Ang. 54.

(110) Pilbeam. 1983. Haworthia and Astroloba Coll. Guide.

(111) Scott. 1984. Cactus Succ. J. Los Ang. 56.

(112) Scott. 1985. The Genus Haworthia.

(113) Scott. 1994. Cactus Succ. J. Los Ang. 66.

(114) Scott. 1994. Bradleya 12.

(115) Scott. 1995. Bradleya 13.

(116) Scott. 1996. Bradleya 14.

(117) Bayer. 1997. Aloe 34.

(118) Halda. 1997. Acta Mus. Richnov. Sect. Nat. 4.

(119) Venter & Hammer. 1997. Cactus Succ. J. Los Ang. 69.

(120) Hammer. 1998. Cactus Succ. J. Los Ang. 70.

(121) Breuer. 1998. The World of Haworthia vol.1.

(122) Halda. 1998. Cactacea etc. 8.

(123) Bayer. 1999. Haworthia revisited.

(124) Esterhuizen & Battista. 1999. Haworthiad 13.

(125) Esterhuizen. 2000. Haworthiad 14.

(126) Eggli. 2001. Monocotyledons.

(127) Hayashi. 2001. Haworthiad 15.

[1] Based on the use of current taxa pending determination of their final status.